Then you have all the geographic profiling evidence that would suggest that Jack the Ripper was an outsider who would come from the next largest urban area which could be a suburb but could also be another city.
LOCATION LINKAGE: GEO-SPACIAL PROFILING SPECTACLE KILLERS
Kim Rossmo gives the focal points which would indicate a locus for the Ripper, home, workplace, girlfriend's house, pub etc. I hope this includes bolthole because the Ripper was not a local. Middlesex street which is the secondary locus had numerous hotels, inns and lodging houses. His geometry or geography indicates a local dwelling and my geometry indicates an Outsider targeting the area with a temporary residence suggested only by practicality.
The crime scene adjusts [to] the city's structure and Whitechapel boundaries.
Whitechapel: "limited by the Bishopsgate throughway in the west, Fashion Street to the north, Brady Street and Cavell Street to the east and The Highway to the south." en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel
storage.proboards.com/6708839/thumbnailer/JRijTkTmUAKVpbwBAeuj.pngHugging the borders? Hitting the corners.
How can anyone look at that map and not see design? Jack follows the borders on purpose, while keeping to the main drag. It's like someone doing an accurate bombing raid on a specific target. In this case, it's Whitechapel.
The distinction here or the controversy is between Spectacle Killer versus Non-Spectacle. A Spectacle Killer is spectacular and original. The Non-Spectacle is ordinary and unspectacular.
Spectacle Killers, eh?
Would their locus be outside the killing zone and therefore beyond the scope of Rossmo's formula?
Spectacle Killers, eh?
Would their locus be outside the killing zone and therefore beyond the scope of Rossmo's formula?
They're usually outsiders in my opinion and there could be a way to factor that in. I think it would be possible if you could account mathematically for murder locations that are not just around the core but against the borders like we see in Whitechapel and in Wichita.
I'd agree Jack the Ripper was a spectacular criminal. His crimes can't be said to be mutilation for mutilations sake. Mutilation can be done more surreptitiously indoors and in hidden corners and not like you're trying to make a big splash and a big statement in a public square.
To create a formula for the Spectacle Killer theorized to come from outside the kill zone, you only need to tweak Rossmo's formula a bit. Instead of "decreasing probability" you have increasing probability with increasing distance and with equidistant central coverage or zonal coverage and with increasing proximity to municipal or state borders.
l
Explanation
The summation in the formula consists of two terms. The first term describes the idea of decreasing probability with increasing distance. The second term deals with the concept of a buffer zone. The variable {\displaystyle \phi } \phi is used to put more weight on one of the two ideas. The variable {\displaystyle B} B describes the radius of the buffer zone....The main idea of the formula is that the probability of crimes first increases as one moves through the buffer zone away from the hotzone, but decreases afterwards.
(Wiki)
Instead of "decreasing probability" you have increasing probability with increasing distance and with equidistant central coverage or zonal coverage and with increasing proximity to municipal or state borders. QUOTE and BOLD mine
I'm not the math expert but now I think that was wrong because the actual residential hotzone is outside the "buffer zone". Now I'd start with removing the first term dealing with distance and probability which doesn't fit with a Spectacle Killer. Then I'd work on the 2nd term to change it so that "hotzone" or residence locus is situated outside the buffer zone or in this case target zone so the main idea of the new formula is that the outsider probability increases as you get closer to the edge of the buffer zone.
A formula for a Spectacle Killer would be unnecessary because you're already profiled the perp as an outsider because it looks like he's targeting a specific area or stretch of territory in a encompassing geometric pattern and it wouldn't tell you how far outside the target area or how far away he lives.
I'm guessing logically he would most likely live in the next most populous area be it the largest suburb or the next biggest city in the area. But then it could be the next to next most populated. And it could be anywhere depending on geography. Why bother creating a formula even if you could?
Liverpool was the next largest city in 1888.
www.demographia.com/db-ukcities.htmJack the Ripper would come from Liverpool. "A" probability. B would be Manchester. Birmingham C.